Backward Pass | NFL Football Operations (2024)

Rule 8 Section 7

Rule Summary View Official Rule

ARTICLE 1. BACKWARD PASS

A runner may throw a backward pass at any time (3-22-5). Players of either team may advance after catching a backward pass, or recovering a backward pass after it touches the ground.

Exception: See actions to conserve time (4-7-1).

Note: A direct snap from center to a player in the backfield, a muffed hand-to-hand snap, or a snap that is untouched by any player are backward passes, and the ball remains alive.

ARTICLE 2. BACKWARD PASS OUT OF BOUNDS

If a backward pass goes out of bounds between the goal lines, the ball is dead (7-6-2-a), and it is next put in play at the inbounds spot. Rule 11 governs if a backward pass is declared dead behind the goal line.

Backward Pass | NFL Football Operations (2024)

FAQs

Backward Pass | NFL Football Operations? ›

A direct snap

snap
A snap (colloquially called a "hike", "snapback", or "pass from center") is the backward passing of the ball in gridiron football at the start of play from scrimmage. The center snaps the ball between his legs.
https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Snap_(gridiron_football)
from to a player in the backfield, a muffed hand-to-hand snap or a snap that is untouched by any player are deemed to be backward passes and as a result the ball remains live.

What is a backward pass in football? ›

In gridiron football, a lateral pass or lateral (officially backward pass in American football and onside pass in Canadian football) occurs when the ball carrier throws the football to a teammate in a direction parallel to or away from the opponents' goal line.

How many backward passes can the team do on each down? ›

A player can throw a backwards pass at any time, meaning there is no limit to the number of laterals that could take place on a single play.

Is a backwards pass a reception? ›

A reception should not be confused with a lateral, also known as a lateral pass or backward pass, which is a legal pass anywhere on the field. In a lateral pass, the ball is thrown backwards or sideways to a teammate with no vector of the pass trajectory towards the opponent's goal line.

Can a runner make a backward pass? ›

A runner may throw a backward pass at any time (3-22-5). Players of either team may advance after catching a backward pass, or recovering a backward pass after it touches the ground. Exception: See actions to conserve time (4-7-1).

What is the difference between a forward pass and a backward pass in football? ›

If a Team B player contacts the passer or ball after forward movement begins and the ball leaves the passer's hand, a forward pass is ruled regardless of where the ball strikes the ground or a player (A.R. 2-19-2-I). A snap becomes a backward pass when the snapper releases the ball (A.R. 2-23-1-I).

How are the forward and backward pass different? ›

Remember, with a forward pass, you moved left to right through the diagram to add the duration to your early start value. But, with a backward pass, you do the opposite — moving right to left, subtracting the duration from the late finish date.

How many backward passes are allowed in football? ›

If a backwards pass is incomplete the ball is still live and can be recovered by either team, making the catch of a backwards pass vitally important. There is also no limit on the number of backwards passes which can be made in any one play, unlike forward passes which are limited to one per play.

Is a backward pass a rush? ›

any backward pass is considered a lateral, thus your back will get credit for a rush and not a reception.

Is an underhand forward pass legal? ›

Can a forward pass be thrown underhand? Yes. The rules make no distinction regarding how the ball is thrown forward as long as it goes forward. You can throw it SideArm underhand or overhand.

Can an offensive lineman catch a backwards pass? ›

Originally Answered: Can linemen catch passes in the National Football League (NFL)? Normally, no. But occasionally, teams may insert an offensive lineman as a tight end or blocking back. When that happens, you'll hear the announcer say, “Number 68 is an eligible receiver.”

How do you calculate backwards pass? ›

Backward Pass

Through this pass, the Late Start and Late Finish values are calculated. The formulas for the backward pass are shown below: Late Start = LF – Duration. Late Finish = Minimum (or Lowest) LS value from immediate Successor(s)

What is an illegal forward pass in football? ›

If the ball, whether in player possession or loose, crosses the line of scrimmage, a forward pass is not permissible, regardless of whether the ball returns behind the line of scrimmage before the pass is thrown.

Can a backwards pass be offside? ›

Can you be offside if the ball is passed backwards? Yes, it is possible to be judged offside if the ball is passed backwards, as long as the player who receives the ball is in front of it when it is initially passed. For this to happen, the ball must deflect off a defender and into their path.

Why do American football players not pass the ball? ›

The rules in American football are rather strict when it comes to throwing a forward pass. There can only be one forward pass on any given down. That pass must be thrown from behind the line of scrimmage, and only 5 of the 10 offensive players (not including the passer) are eligible pass receivers.

Can you pick up a fumble and run with it? ›

Any player of either team may recover or catch a fumble and advance, either before or after the ball strikes the ground. Item 2. Legal Recovery. For a legal recovery of a fumble, see 3-2-7.

Is a backwards pass illegal in football? ›

When the ball is thrown in an NFL game, more often than not it is thrown foward by the team in possession's quarterback. However, teams in the NFL are able to throw the ball backwards, often referred to as a lateral pass, and the rules which apply to forwards passes are not the same.

When can you pass backwards in NFL? ›

These types of thrown are most commonly seen when a quarterback opts to throw to a running back or if a team attempts a flea flicker, whereby an running back takes a hand off before throwing the ball back to the quarterback. Any player on the field can attempt a backwards pass.

Are underhand passes allowed in football? ›

There are no restrictions on the throwing motion the quarterback can use; overhand, underhand, side arm, makes no difference. The direction the ball travels when it leaves the quarterback's hand is what determines if it is a forward or backward pass.

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