baka - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (2024)

See also: Baka, baká, baką, bakå, båkå, bąka, baka-, ばか, and 馬鹿

1 English
- 1.1 Etymology 1
  - 1.1.1 Noun
- 1.2 Etymology 2
  - 1.2.1 Adjective
    - 1.2.1.1 Derived terms
    - 1.2.1.2 Related terms
- 1.3 See also
- 1.4 Anagrams
2 Anyi
- 2.1 Noun
- 2.2 References
- 2.3 Further reading
3 Asi
- 3.1 Etymology
- 3.2 Noun
4 Bikol Central
- 4.1 Etymology 1
  - 4.1.1 Pronunciation
  - 4.1.2 Noun
- 4.2 Etymology 2
  - 4.2.1 Pronunciation
  - 4.2.2 Adverb
- 4.3 References
5 Binukid
- 5.1 Etymology 1
  - 5.1.1 Noun
- 5.2 Etymology 2
  - 5.2.1 Noun
6 Bolinao
- 6.1 Etymology
- 6.2 Noun
7 Cebuano
- 7.1 Etymology
- 7.2 Pronunciation
- 7.3 Noun
- 7.4 Adjective
- 7.5 Quotations
8 Dibabawon Manobo
- 8.1 Noun
9 Dupaningan Agta
- 9.1 Adverb
10 Faroese
- 10.1 Etymology
- 10.2 Pronunciation
- 10.3 Verb
  - 10.3.1 Conjugation
11 Fula
- 11.1 Etymology 1
  - 11.1.1 Noun
- 11.2 Etymology 2
  - 11.2.1 Noun
- 11.3 References
12 Hausa
- 12.1 Etymology 1
  - 12.1.1 Pronunciation
  - 12.1.2 Noun
- 12.2 Etymology 2
  - 12.2.1 Pronunciation
  - 12.2.2 Adverb
13 Hiligaynon
- 13.1 Etymology
- 13.2 Noun
  - 13.2.1 Related terms
14 Hungarian
- 14.1 Etymology
- 14.2 Pronunciation
- 14.3 Noun
  - 14.3.1 Declension
- 14.4 Further reading
15 Iban
- 15.1 Pronunciation
- 15.2 Conjunction
16 Icelandic
- 16.1 Pronunciation
- 16.2 Etymology 1
  - 16.2.1 Noun
    - 16.2.1.1 Declension
    - 16.2.1.2 Derived terms
- 16.3 Etymology 2
  - 16.3.1 Verb
    - 16.3.1.1 Conjugation
- 16.4 Etymology 3
  - 16.4.1 Noun
17 Ilocano
- 17.1 Etymology 1
  - 17.1.1 Pronunciation
  - 17.1.2 Noun
    - 17.1.2.1 Derived terms
- 17.2 Etymology 2
  - 17.2.1 Pronunciation
  - 17.2.2 Adverb
- 17.3 References
18 Indonesian
- 18.1 Etymology
- 18.2 Pronunciation
- 18.3 Adjective
- 18.4 References
19 Japanese
- 19.1 Romanization
20 Javanese
- 20.1 Romanization
21 Kagayanen
- 21.1 Etymology 1
  - 21.1.1 Noun
- 21.2 Etymology 2
  - 21.2.1 Noun
22 Karaim
- 22.1 Etymology
- 22.2 Noun
- 22.3 References
23 Kavalan
- 23.1 Etymology
- 23.2 Noun
24 Kiput
- 24.1 Etymology
- 24.2 Noun
25 Limos Kalinga
- 25.1 Etymology
- 25.2 Noun
26 Malay
- 26.1 Pronunciation
- 26.2 Adjective
  - 26.2.1 Antonyms
- 26.3 Noun
- 26.4 Further reading
27 Mansaka
- 27.1 Etymology
- 27.2 Noun
28 Masbatenyo
- 28.1 Etymology 1
  - 28.1.1 Noun
- 28.2 Etymology 2
  - 28.2.1 Adjective
29 Northern Catanduanes Bicolano
- 29.1 Etymology
- 29.2 Noun
30 Norwegian Nynorsk
- 30.1 Etymology 1
  - 30.1.1 Alternative forms
  - 30.1.2 Noun
- 30.2 Etymology 2
  - 30.2.1 Alternative forms
  - 30.2.2 Verb
    - 30.2.2.1 Derived terms
    - 30.2.2.2 Related terms
- 30.3 References
31 Old Javanese
- 31.1 Etymology
- 31.2 Pronunciation
- 31.3 Noun
  - 31.3.1 Descendants
- 31.4 Further reading
32 Old Norse
- 32.1 Etymology
- 32.2 Verb
  - 32.2.1 Conjugation
  - 32.2.2 Descendants
- 32.3 References
33 Old Swedish
- 33.1 Etymology
- 33.2 Verb
  - 33.2.1 Conjugation
  - 33.2.2 Descendants
34 Pali
- 34.1 Alternative forms
- 34.2 Noun
  - 34.2.1 Declension
35 Papiamentu
- 35.1 Etymology
- 35.2 Noun
36 Polish
- 36.1 Pronunciation
- 36.2 Etymology 1
  - 36.2.1 Noun
    - 36.2.1.1 Declension
- 36.3 Etymology 2
  - 36.3.1 Noun
- 36.4 Etymology 3
  - 36.4.1 Verb
- 36.5 Further reading
37 Serbo-Croatian
- 37.1 Etymology
- 37.2 Pronunciation
- 37.3 Noun
  - 37.3.1 Declension
- 37.4 References
38 Southern Catanduanes Bicolano
- 38.1 Etymology
- 38.2 Noun
39 Sranan Tongo
- 39.1 Etymology 1
  - 39.1.1 Preposition
  - 39.1.2 Adjective
  - 39.1.3 Adverb
  - 39.1.4 Noun
    - 39.1.4.1 Derived terms
- 39.2 Etymology 2
  - 39.2.1 Verb
    - 39.2.1.1 Derived terms
40 Swahili
- 40.1 Etymology
- 40.2 Pronunciation
- 40.3 Verb
  - 40.3.1 Conjugation
  - 40.3.2 Derived terms
- 40.4 Noun
41 Swedish
- 41.1 Etymology
- 41.2 Pronunciation
- 41.3 Verb
  - 41.3.1 Conjugation
  - 41.3.2 Derived terms
42 Tagalog
- 42.1 Alternative forms
- 42.2 Etymology 1
  - 42.2.1 Pronunciation
  - 42.2.2 Noun
    - 42.2.2.1 Derived terms
    - 42.2.2.2 Related terms
- 42.3 Etymology 2
  - 42.3.1 Pronunciation
  - 42.3.2 Adverb
    - 42.3.2.1 Derived terms
- 42.4 Etymology 3
  - 42.4.1 Pronunciation
  - 42.4.2 Noun
    - 42.4.2.1 Derived terms
- 42.5 Further reading
43 Tausug
- 43.1 Etymology
- 43.2 Noun
44 Waray-Waray
- 44.1 Etymology
- 44.2 Pronunciation
- 44.3 Noun
45 Yami
- 45.1 Etymology
- 45.2 Noun
46 Yogad
- 46.1 Etymology
- 46.2 Noun

English[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Noun[edit]

baka (plural bakas or baka)

(voodoo) An evil spirit in Haitian belief, often in the form of an animal.
- 1953, Maya Daren, The Divine Horsem*n, McPherson & Company, published 2004, page 113:
  Under his sign the malevolent bocor may take the shape of an animal, and men may be transformed into terrible bakas.
- 1969, Milo Rigaud, Secrets of Voodoo, page 83:
  A person has only to serve the baka incorrectly to have it turn against its owner and do him irremediable harm by reason of the very duality of its composition.
- 2001, Jennie Marcelle Smith, When the Hands Are Many, page 77:
  Because a baka can destroy a family's (or even a whole neighborhood's) well-being, there is great interest in catching and destroying them.

Etymology 2[edit]

Borrowed from Japanese 馬鹿(ばか) (baka, “stupid”).

Adjective[edit]

baka (comparative more baka, superlative most baka)

(anime and manga, fandom slang) Stupid; silly.

Anyi[edit]

Noun[edit]

baka

tree

References[edit]

Burmeister, Jonathan (1987), “Numbers before letters — Ivory Coast literacy program”, in G. Gagné, F. Daems, S. Kroon, J. Sturm and E. Tarrab, editors, Selected Papers in Mother Tongue Education / Études en pédagogie de la langue maternelle‎^[1], Dordrecht, The Netherlands & Montréal, Canada: Foris Publications Holland; Centre de Diffusion P.P.M.F. primaire, Université de Montréal, →ISBN, page23 of 19–25
Wichmann, Søren, Eric W. Holman, and Cecil H. Brown (eds.). (2020). The ASJP Database (version 19).

Asi[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

Noun[edit]

baka

Bikol Central[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

Pronunciation[edit]

Hyphenation: ba‧ka
IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/, [ˈba.ka]

Noun[edit]

baka

cattle; cow

Etymology 2[edit]

From Proto-Philippine *bakáq.^[1] Compare Tagalog baka, Remontado Agta baka, Ibaloi baka, and Ilocano baka.

Pronunciation[edit]

Hyphenation: ba‧ka
IPA^(key): /ˈbakaʔ/, [ˈba.kaʔ]

Adverb[edit]

bakà

maybe; probably; perhaps; might
Synonyms: tibaad, seguro

References[edit]

^ Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen (2010–), “*bakáq”, in The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary

Binukid[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun[edit]

baka

Etymology 2[edit]

Noun[edit]

bakà

Bolinao[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun[edit]

baka

Cebuano[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Hyphenation: ba‧ka
IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/, [ˈba.kʌ]

Noun[edit]

baka

a cow; an adult female of the species Bos taurus that has calved
any member of the species Bos taurus regardless of sex or age, including bulls and calves
beef; the meat from a cow, bull, or other bovine

Adjective[edit]

baka

beef

Quotations[edit]

For quotations using this term, see Citations:baka.

Dibabawon Manobo[edit]

Noun[edit]

bakà

(anatomy) jaw

Dupaningan Agta[edit]

Adverb[edit]

baka

perhaps; maybe

Faroese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse baka, from Proto-Germanic *bakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₃g-.

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /ˈpɛaːʰka/
Rhymes: -ɛaːʰka
hom*ophone: bakað

Verb[edit]

baka (third person singular past indicative bakaði, third person plural past indicative bakað, supine bakað)

to bake

Conjugation[edit]

Conjugation of baka (groupv-30)
infinitive	baka
supine	bakað
participle (a6)¹	bakandi	bakaður
	present	past
first singular	baki	bakaði
second singular	bakar	bakaði
third singular	bakar	bakaði
plural	baka	bakaðu
	imperative
singular	baka!
plural	bakið!
¹Only the past participle being declined.

Fula[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).

Noun[edit]

baka o

(Pular) tunic, boubou, agbada

Etymology 2[edit]

Noun[edit]

baka o (plural bakaaji ɗi)

(Maasina) part, portion, share

References[edit]

Oumar Bah, Dictionnaire Pular-Français, Avec un index français-pular, Webonary.org, SIL International, 2014.
Richard Smith, Urs Niggli, Dictionnaire fulfulde - anglais - français, Webonary.org, SIL International, 2016.

Hausa[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Cognate with Duwai bak, Mwaghavul mbuka.

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /bà.káː/
- (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [bə̀.káː]

Noun[edit]

bàkām (plural bakunkunā̀, possessed form bàkan)

Etymology 2[edit]

From baki.

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /bá.kà/
- (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [bə́.kə̀]

Adverb[edit]

bakà

in the mouth

Hiligaynon[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun[edit]

báka

Related terms[edit]

kabakahan

Hungarian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Probably a doublet of boka, via its former meaning of “boots”, expressing a booted soldier. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): [ˈbɒkɒ]
Hyphenation: ba‧ka
Rhymes: -kɒ

Noun[edit]

baka (plural bakák)

(informal) soldier
Synonym: katona

Declension[edit]

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	baka	bakák
accusative	bakát	bakákat
dative	bakának	bakáknak
instrumental	bakával	bakákkal
causal-final	bakáért	bakákért
translative	bakává	bakákká
terminative	bakáig	bakákig
essive-formal	bakaként	bakákként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	bakában	bakákban
superessive	bakán	bakákon
adessive	bakánál	bakáknál
illative	bakába	bakákba
sublative	bakára	bakákra
allative	bakához	bakákhoz
elative	bakából	bakákból
delative	bakáról	bakákról
ablative	bakától	bakáktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	bakáé	bakáké
non-attributive possessive - plural	bakáéi	bakákéi

Possessive forms of baka
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	bakám	bakáim
2nd person sing.	bakád	bakáid
3rd person sing.	bakája	bakái
1st person plural	bakánk	bakáink
2nd person plural	bakátok	bakáitok
3rd person plural	bakájuk	bakáik

Iban[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /baka/
Rhymes: -ka
Hyphenation: ba‧ka

Conjunction[edit]

baka

like, similar to

Icelandic[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /ˈpaːka/
Rhymes: -aːka

Etymology 1[edit]

From the verb baka (“to bake”).

Noun[edit]

bakaf (genitive singular böku, nominative plural bökur)

Declension[edit]

declension of baka

	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
f-w1	singular		plural
nominative	baka	bakan	bökur	bökurnar
accusative	böku	bökuna	bökur	bökurnar
dative	böku	bökunni	bökum	bökunum
genitive	böku	bökunnar	baka/bakna	bakanna/baknanna

Derived terms[edit]

kjötbaka

Etymology 2[edit]

From Old Norse baka, from Proto-Germanic *bakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₃g-.

Verb[edit]

baka (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative bakaði, supine bakað)

to bake

Conjugation[edit]

baka — active voice (germynd)

	Forms with appended personal pronoun
infinitive (nafnháttur)		að baka
supine (sagnbót)		bakað
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		bakandi
	indicative (framsöguháttur)			subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur)
present (nútíð)	ég baka	við bökum	present (nútíð)	ég baki	við bökum
	þú bakar	þið bakið		þú bakir	þið bakið
	hann, hún, það bakar	þeir, þær, þau baka		hann, hún, það baki	þeir, þær, þau baki

past (þátíð)	ég bakaði	við bökuðum	past (þátíð)	ég bakaði	við bökuðum
	þú bakaðir	þið bökuðuð		þú bakaðir	þið bökuðuð
	hann, hún, það bakaði	þeir, þær, þau bökuðu		hann, hún, það bakaði	þeir, þær, þau bökuðu

imperative (boðháttur)	baka (þú)	bakið (þið)
	bakaðu	bakiði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

bakast — mediopassive voice (miðmynd)

	Forms with appended personal pronoun
infinitive (nafnháttur)		að bakast
supine (sagnbót)		bakast
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		bakandist the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses
	indicative (framsöguháttur)			subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur)
present (nútíð)	ég bakast	við böku*mst	present (nútíð)	ég bakist	við böku*mst
	þú bakast	þið bakist		þú bakist	þið bakist
	hann, hún, það bakast	þeir, þær, þau bakast		hann, hún, það bakist	þeir, þær, þau bakist

past (þátíð)	ég bakaðist	við bökuðumst	past (þátíð)	ég bakaðist	við bökuðumst
	þú bakaðist	þið bökuðust		þú bakaðist	þið bökuðust
	hann, hún, það bakaðist	þeir, þær, þau bökuðust		hann, hún, það bakaðist	þeir, þær, þau bökuðust

imperative (boðháttur)	bakast (þú)	bakist (þið)
	bakastu	bakisti *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

bakaður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)

strong declension (sterk beyging)	singular (eintala)			plural (fleirtala)
strong declension (sterk beyging)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	bakaður	bökuð	bakað	bakaðir	bakaðar	bökuð
accusative (þolfall)	bakaðan	bakaða	bakað	bakaða	bakaðar	bökuð
dative (þágufall)	bökuðum	bakaðri	bökuðu	bökuðum	bökuðum	bökuðum
genitive (eignarfall)	bakaðs	bakaðrar	bakaðs	bakaðra	bakaðra	bakaðra

weak declension (veik beyging)	singular (eintala)			plural (fleirtala)
weak declension (veik beyging)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	bakaði	bakaða	bakaða	bökuðu	bökuðu	bökuðu
accusative (þolfall)	bakaða	bökuðu	bakaða	bökuðu	bökuðu	bökuðu
dative (þágufall)	bakaða	bökuðu	bakaða	bökuðu	bökuðu	bökuðu
genitive (eignarfall)	bakaða	bökuðu	bakaða	bökuðu	bökuðu	bökuðu

Etymology 3[edit]

Form of bak (“a back”).

Noun[edit]

baka n

indefinite genitive plural of bak

Ilocano[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

Pronunciation[edit]

Hyphenation: ba‧ka
IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/

Noun[edit]

baka

Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

From Proto-Philippine *bakáq.^[1] Compare Bikol Central baka, Remontado Agta baka, Ibaloi baka, and Tagalog baka.

Pronunciation[edit]

Hyphenation: ba‧ka
IPA^(key): /baka/, [bɐ.ka]
IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/, [ˈbɐ.ka] (colloquial)

Adverb[edit]

baká

maybe, perhaps, might be

References[edit]

^ Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen (2010–), “*bakáq”, in The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary

Indonesian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Malay baka, baqa,from Classical Malay باک (baka), بقاٴ (baqa), from Arabic بَقَاء (baqāʔ, “remaining, lasting, enduring”).

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): [baka]

Adjective[edit]

baka

eternal

References[edit]

“baka” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.

Japanese[edit]

Romanization[edit]

baka

Rōmaji transcription of ばか
Rōmaji transcription of バカ

Javanese[edit]

Romanization[edit]

baka

Romanization of ꦧꦏ

Kagayanen[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Noun[edit]

baka

(anatomy) chin

Etymology 2[edit]

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

Noun[edit]

baka

Karaim[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Turkic *b(i)āka.

Noun[edit]

baka

frog

References[edit]

N. A. Baskakov, S.M. Šapšala, editor (1973), “baka”, in Karaimsko-Russko-Polʹskij Slovarʹ [Karaim-Russian-Polish Dictionary], Moscow: Moskva, →ISBN

Kavalan[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun[edit]

baka

Kiput[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-North Sarawak *bakas.

Noun[edit]

baka

wild boar

Limos Kalinga[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun[edit]

baka

Malay[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Audio (MY) (file)

Adjective[edit]

baka (Jawi spelling باک)

Antonyms[edit]

saka

Noun[edit]

baka (Jawi spelling باک, plural baka-baka, informal 1st possessive bakaku, 2nd possessive bakamu, 3rd possessive bakanya)

stock, breed (of livestock)

Mansaka[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun[edit]

baka

Masbatenyo[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun[edit]

baka

Etymology 2[edit]

Adjective[edit]

bakâ

bowlegged

Northern Catanduanes Bicolano[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun[edit]

baka

Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

bakane

Noun[edit]

bakam or n

definite neuter plural of bak

Etymology 2[edit]

From Old Norse baka.

Alternative forms[edit]

bake
båkå, båkkå (dialectal)

Verb[edit]

baka (present tense bakar or baker, past tense baka or bakte, past participle baka or bakt, passive infinitive bakast, present participle bakande, imperative bak)

to bake (something)

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

bakar (noun)
baking

References[edit]

“baka” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Javanese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Sanskrit बक (baka, “heron”).

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /ba.ka/
Rhymes: -ka
Hyphenation: ba‧ka

Noun[edit]

baka

heron

Descendants[edit]

> Javanese: ꦧꦏ (baka) (inherited)

Old Norse[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Germanic *bakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₃g-. Compare Old English bacan (English bake), Old Saxon bakkan (Low German backen), Dutch bakken, Old High German bahhan, backan (German backen).

Verb[edit]

baka

to bake

Conjugation[edit]

Conjugation of baka — active (strong class 6)

indicative	present	past
infinitive	baka
presentparticiple	bakandi
pastparticiple	bekinn
1st-personsingular	bek	bók
2nd-personsingular	bekr	bókt
3rd-personsingular	bekr	bók
1st-personplural	bǫkum	bókum
2nd-personplural	bakið	bókuð
3rd-personplural	baka	bóku
subjunctive	present	past
1st-personsingular	baka	bǿka
2nd-personsingular	bakir	bǿkir
3rd-personsingular	baki	bǿki
1st-personplural	bakim	bǿkim
2nd-personplural	bakið	bǿkið
3rd-personplural	baki	bǿki
imperative	present
2nd-personsingular	bak
1st-personplural	bǫkum
2nd-personplural	bakið

Conjugation of baka — mediopassive (strong class 6)

indicative	present	past
infinitive	bakask
presentparticiple	bakandisk
pastparticiple	bekizk
1st-personsingular	bǫkumk	bókumk
2nd-personsingular	beksk	bókzk
3rd-personsingular	beksk	bóksk
1st-personplural	bǫku*msk	bóku*msk
2nd-personplural	bakizk	bókuzk
3rd-personplural	bakask	bókusk
subjunctive	present	past
1st-personsingular	bǫkumk	bǿkumk
2nd-personsingular	bakisk	bǿkisk
3rd-personsingular	bakisk	bǿkisk
1st-personplural	bakimsk	bǿkimsk
2nd-personplural	bakizk	bǿkizk
3rd-personplural	bakisk	bǿkisk
imperative	present
2nd-personsingular	baksk
1st-personplural	bǫku*msk
2nd-personplural	bakizk

Descendants[edit]

Icelandic: baka
Faroese: baka
Norn: båke
Norwegian Nynorsk: baka
Elfdalian: båkå
Old Swedish: baka
- Swedish: baka
Danish: bage
- Norwegian Bokmål: bake
Old Gutnish: baka
- Gutnish: bake

References[edit]

“baka”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Old Swedish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Verb[edit]

baka

to bake

Conjugation[edit]

Conjugation of baka (strong)

activevoice	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	present			past
infinitive	baka			—
participle	bakandi, bakande			bakin
iæk	bak	baki, bake	—	bōk	bōki, bōke
þū	bak	baki, bake	bak	bōkt	bōki, bōke
han	bak	baki, bake	—	bōk	bōki, bōke
vīr	bakum, bakom	bakum, bakom	bakum, bakom	bōkum, bōkom	bōkum, bōkom
īr	bakin	bakin	bakin	bōkin	bōkin
þēr	baka	bakin	—	bōku, bōko	bōkin
mediopassivevoice	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
iæk	baks	bakis, bakes	—	bōks	bōkis, bōkes
þū	baks	bakis, bakes	—	bōkts	bōkis, bōkes
han	baks	bakis, bakes	—	bōks	bōkis, bōkes
vīr	baku*ms, -oms	baku*ms, bakoms	—	bōku*ms, bōkoms	bōku*ms, bōkoms
īr	bakins	bakins	—	bōkins	bōkins
þēr	bakas	bakins	—	bōkus, bōkos	bōkins

Descendants[edit]

Swedish: baka

Pali[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Alternative forms

𑀩𑀓 (Brahmi script)
बक (Devanagari script)
বক (Bengali script)
බක (Sinhalese script)
ဗက or ၿၵ (Burmese script)
พก or พะกะ (Thai script)
ᨻᨠ (Tai Tham script)
ພກ or ພະກະ (Lao script)
ពក (Khmer script)
𑄝𑄇 (Chakma script)

Noun[edit]

bakam

Declension[edit]

Declension table of "baka" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	bako	bakā
Accusative (second)	bakaṃ	bake
Instrumental (third)	bakena	bakehi or bakebhi
Dative (fourth)	bakassa or bakāya or bakatthaṃ	bakānaṃ
Ablative (fifth)	bakasmā or bakamhā or bakā	bakehi or bakebhi
Genitive (sixth)	bakassa	bakānaṃ
Locative (seventh)	bakasmiṃ or bakamhi or bake	bakesu
Vocative (calling)	baka	bakā

Papiamentu[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Portuguese vaca and Spanish vaca and Kabuverdianu báka.

Noun[edit]

baka

Polish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /ˈba.ka/
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -aka
Syllabification: ba‧ka
hom*ophone: Baka

Etymology 1[edit]

Borrowed from German Bake.

Noun[edit]

bakaf

(navigation, nautical) seamark
Synonym: stawa

Declension[edit]

Declension of baka

	singular	plural
nominative	baka	baki
genitive	baki	bak
dative	bace	bakom
accusative	bakę	baki
instrumental	baką	bakami
locative	bace	bakach
vocative	bako	baki

Etymology 2[edit]

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun[edit]

bakaminan

genitive singular of bak

Etymology 3[edit]

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb[edit]

baka

third-person singular present of bakać

Serbo-Croatian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From earlier babka; compare bȁba.

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /bǎːka/
Hyphenation: ba‧ka

Noun[edit]

bákaf (Cyrillic spelling ба́ка)

(hypocoristic) grandmother, grandma
(hypocoristic, regional) old woman

Declension[edit]

Declension of baka

	singular	plural
nominative	báka	bake
genitive	bake	baka
dative	baki	bakama
accusative	baku	bake
vocative	bȃko	bake
locative	baki	bakama
instrumental	bakom	bakama

References[edit]

“baka” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Southern Catanduanes Bicolano[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

Noun[edit]

baka

Sranan Tongo[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From English back.

Preposition[edit]

baka

Adjective[edit]

baka

back
bakasey ― behind

Adverb[edit]

baka

back, in return
again

Noun[edit]

baka

back

Derived terms[edit]

bakabonyo (“backbone”)

Etymology 2[edit]

Borrowed from Dutch bakken.

Verb[edit]

baka

to bake, to fry

Derived terms[edit]

bakabana

Swahili[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Arabic بَقَّعَ (baqqaʕa, “to stain”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Audio (Kenya) (file)

Verb[edit]

-baka (infinitive kubaka)

to molest, to rape
Synonym: -najisi

Conjugation[edit]

Conjugation of -baka

Positive present	-nabaka
Subjunctive	-bake
Negative	-baki
Imperative singular	baka

Infinitives

Positive	kubaka
Negative	kutobaka

Imperatives

Singular	baka
Plural	bakeni

Tensed forms

Habitual	hubaka
Positive past	positive subject concord + -libaka
Negative past	negative subject concord + -kubaka

Positive present (positive subject concord + -nabaka)
		Singular	Plural
1st person		ninabaka/nabaka	tunabaka
2nd person		unabaka	mnabaka
3rd person	m-wa_(I/II)	anabaka	wanabaka
3rd person	other classes	positive subject concord + -nabaka

Negative present (negative subject concord + -baki)
		Singular	Plural
1st person		sibaki	hatubaki
2nd person		hubaki	hambaki
3rd person	m-wa_(I/II)	habaki	hawabaki
3rd person	other classes	negative subject concord + -baki

Positive future	positive subject concord + -tabaka
Negative future	negative subject concord + -tabaka

Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -bake)
		Singular	Plural
1st person		nibake	tubake
2nd person		ubake	mbake
3rd person	m-wa_(I/II)	abake	wabake
3rd person	other classes	positive subject concord + -bake

Negative subjunctive	positive subject concord + -sibake
Positive present conditional	positive subject concord + -ngebaka
Negative present conditional	positive subject concord + -singebaka
Positive past conditional	positive subject concord + -ngalibaka
Negative past conditional	positive subject concord + -singalibaka

Gnomic (positive subject concord + -abaka)
		Singular	Plural
1st person		nabaka	twabaka
2nd person		wabaka	mwabaka
3rd person	m-wa_(I/II)	abaka	wabaka
	m-mi_(III/IV)	wabaka	yabaka
	ji-ma_(V/VI)	labaka	yabaka
	ki-vi_(VII/VIII)	chabaka	vyabaka
	n_(IX/X)	yabaka	zabaka
	u_(XI)	wabaka	see n_(X)* or ma_(VI) class*
	ku_(XV/XVII)	kwabaka
	pa_(XVI)	pabaka
	mu_(XVIII)	mwabaka

Perfect	positive subject concord + -mebaka
"Already"	positive subject concord + -meshabaka
"Not yet"	negative subject concord + -jabaka
"If/When"	positive subject concord + -kibaka
"If not"	positive subject concord + -sipobaka
Consecutive	kabaka / positive subject concord + -kabaka
Consecutive subjunctive	positive subject concord + -kabake

Object concord (indicative positive)
		Singular	Plural
1st person		-nibaka	-tubaka
2nd person		-kubaka	-wabaka/-kubakeni/-wabakeni
3rd person	m-wa_(I/II)	-mbaka	-wabaka
	m-mi_(III/IV)	-ubaka	-ibaka
	ji-ma_(V/VI)	-libaka	-yabaka
	ki-vi_(VII/VIII)	-kibaka	-vibaka
	n_(IX/X)	-ibaka	-zibaka
	u_(XI)	-ubaka	see n_(X)* or ma_(VI) class*
	ku_(XV/XVII)	-kubaka
	pa_(XVI)	-pabaka
	mu_(XVIII)	-mubaka
Reflexive		-jibaka

Relative forms

General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -baka- + relative marker)
	Singular	Plural
m-wa_(I/II)	-bakaye	-bakao
m-mi_(III/IV)	-bakao	-bakayo
ji-ma_(V/VI)	-bakalo	-bakayo
ki-vi_(VII/VIII)	-bakacho	-bakavyo
n_(IX/X)	-bakayo	-bakazo
u_(XI)	-bakao	see n_(X)* or ma_(VI) class*
ku_(XV/XVII)	-bakako
pa_(XVI)	-bakapo
mu_(XVIII)	-bakamo

Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -baka)
	Singular	Plural
m-wa_(I/II)	-yebaka	-obaka
m-mi_(III/IV)	-obaka	-yobaka
ji-ma_(V/VI)	-lobaka	-yobaka
ki-vi_(VII/VIII)	-chobaka	-vyobaka
n_(IX/X)	-yobaka	-zobaka
u_(XI)	-obaka	see n_(X)* or ma_(VI) class*
ku_(XV/XVII)	-kobaka
pa_(XVI)	-pobaka
mu_(XVIII)	-mobaka

Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms[edit]

Verbal derivations:
- Augmentative: -bakua (“rob, plunder”)
- Passive: -bakwa

Nominal derivations:
- mbakaji (“rapist”)
- ubakaji (“rape”)

Noun[edit]

baka(ma class, plural mabaka)

mark on the body (like a scar or birthmark)

Swedish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse baka, from Proto-Germanic *bakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₃g-.

Pronunciation[edit]

audio (file)

Verb[edit]

baka (present bakar, preterite bakade, supine bakat, imperative baka)

to bake; to cook in an oven.

Conjugation[edit]

Conjugation of baka (weak)

	Active		Passive
Infinitive	baka		bakas
Supine	bakat		bakats
Imperative	baka		—
Imper. plural¹	baken		—
	Present	Past	Present	Past
Indicative	bakar	bakade	bakas	bakades
Ind. plural¹	baka	bakade	bakas	bakades
Subjunctive²	bake	bakade	bakes	bakades
	Participles
Presentparticiple	bakande
Pastparticiple	bakad
¹ Archaic. ² Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Derived terms[edit]

Tagalog[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

baca — obsolete, Spanish-based orthography

Etymology 1[edit]

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Hyphenation: ba‧ka
IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/, [ˈba.xɐ]

Noun[edit]

baka (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜃ)

cattle; cow
beef
Synonym: karneng-baka

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *bakáq. Compare Bikol Central baka, Remontado Agta baka, Ibaloi baka, and Ilocano baka.

Pronunciation[edit]

Hyphenation: ba‧ka
IPA^(key): /baˈkaʔ/, [bɐˈxaʔ]
IPA^(key): /baˈka/, [bɐˈxa] (colloquial)

Adverb[edit]

bakâ (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜃ)

maybe; probably
Synonyms: marahil, maaari, posible
might

Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Hyphenation: ba‧ka
IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/, [ˈba.xɐ]

Noun[edit]

baka (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜃ)

declaration of war (against another nation)
Synonyms: salakay, pagsalakay, lusob, paglusob
campaign against something wrong or immoral
Synonyms: laban, paglaban, pagbabaka
verbal attack or assault
Synonyms: tuligsa, pagtuligsa, atake, pag-atake

baka - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (2024)

Contents

English[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Noun[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Adjective[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

See also[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Anyi[edit]

Noun[edit]

References[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Asi[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Noun[edit]

Bikol Central[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Adverb[edit]

References[edit]

Binukid[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Noun[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Noun[edit]

Bolinao[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Noun[edit]

Cebuano[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Adjective[edit]

Quotations[edit]

Dibabawon Manobo[edit]

Noun[edit]

Dupaningan Agta[edit]

Adverb[edit]

Faroese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

Conjugation[edit]

Fula[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Noun[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Noun[edit]

References[edit]

Hausa[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Adverb[edit]

Hiligaynon[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Noun[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Hungarian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Declension[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Iban[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Conjunction[edit]

Icelandic[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Noun[edit]

Declension[edit]