MH370 search: what happens when a plane runs out of fuel? (2024)

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This was published 10 years ago

By Saffron Howden

      If debris spotted in southern Indian Ocean does in fact turn out to be flight MH370, it will be thousands of kilometres from where it turned around over the Malay Peninsula.

      The theory being considered most likely in this scenario is that some mechanical failure led to a drop of cabin pressure that rendered the crew and passengers unconscious, leaving the plane on a ghost flight for several hours.

      MH370 search: what happens when a plane runs out of fuel? (1)

      At some point, though, the fuel would have run out.

      An aviation expert said most new-generation aeroplanes would continue to glide, even after all the plane's fuel reserves had been exhausted.

      "All the aeroplanes glide," Professor Jason Middleton, from the School of Aviation at the University of NSW, said.

      "They'll go 10 (kilometres) along for every one down."

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      In other words, if flight MH370 ran out of fuel somewhere over the Indian Ocean at a cruising altitude of around 10km, it could have glided for 100km without fuel in the tanks or a conscious pilot in the co*ckpit.

      In such a "ghost flight" scenario, the final descent into the ocean would depend largely on the weather, Professor Middleton said.

      Even with the best pilots, fully alert, the conditions in the Indian Ocean would guarantee a messy crash into the waves in which the plane would likely cartwheel and break apart, he said.

      Fairfax Media reported earlier today that the theory favoured for some days now by professional pilots on chat sites and blogs is that the pilots had an event on board that took out the communications and led to a slow or rapid decompression - rendering the crew incapable of making an emergency landing.

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      Pilots have only a few minutes to bring a plane down to below 4000 metres before the passengers and crew will become disoriented, then unconscious and eventually die.

      In 1999 a Lear jet carrying professional golfer Payne Stewart flew for several hours with its passengers and crew unresponsive, before it ran out of fuel and crashed in a field in South Dakota.

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      MH370 search: what happens when a plane runs out of fuel? (2024)

      FAQs

      Did MH370 run out of fuel? ›

      Military radar saw the plane turn around to travel over the Andaman Sea before it vanished, and satellite data showed it continued to fly for hours, possibly until it ran out of fuel. The plane is believed to have crashed in a remote part of the southern Indian Ocean.

      What happens if a plane runs out of fuel in the air? ›

      Short Answer No, it doesn't just stop and fall to the ground. When a plane runs out of fuel, the engines stop working, just like a car. When the engines stop, the plane loses power and certain plane functions that need power, also stop working, like some hydraulics. The pilots have been able to “glid…

      What is the most likely explanation of MH370? ›

      INVESTIGATION REPORT. A 495-page report into MH370's disappearance, published in July 2018, said the Boeing 777's controls were likely deliberately manipulated to take it off course, but investigators could not determine who was responsible.

      Does a plane glide when it runs out of fuel? ›

      So essentially, any plane can glide if the need arises. And in situations where all the engines have failed, pilots have to expect the plane to do some gliding. Without the thrust those engines are built to provide, the plane can't help but lose altitude.

      Where is MH370 most likely? ›

      Godfrey said he traced WSPR data back to the time when MH370 disappeared and concluded the aircraft may be lying between 3,000 and 4,000 meters (9,800 to 13,000 feet) below the Indian Ocean, about 1,500 kilometers (930 miles) off the coast of Perth, Australia.

      Was the pilot of MH370 depressed? ›

      However, friends of Zaharie Shah claimed the pilot was "lonely and sad" and was believed to be "clinically depressed," The Atlantic reported.

      How long can a plane go without fuel? ›

      The longest that a commercial airplane has flown without refueling is a little over 23 hours. This was achieved by a Boeing 777-200 LR that flew between Hong Kong and London, covering a distance of almost 20,000 km.

      How long can a jet fly without fuel? ›

      How long can a private jet fly without refueling? It all boils down to jet class, make and model, payload, and weather conditions. While a mid-size jet can go four to six hours nonstop, a large jet can fly for ten or more.

      Can planes refuel while flying? ›

      The only way to refuel a jet fighter whilst in flight is from an aerial tanker. There was a Cessna light aircraft that refueled from a truck for world record purposes but a jet fighter would be too fast for this to work. If the jet were to land then it would not be in flight any more.

      Was MH370 hijacked? ›

      The plane is believed to have crashed in a remote part of the southern Indian Ocean. Theories about what happened on board range from hijacking to a loss of oxygen in the cabin to power failure. But there was no distress call, no ransom demand, nor bad weather or evidence of technical failures.

      What is the new theory of MH370? ›

      Another theory presents an alternate scenario — where the captain could have guided the aircraft in a soft landing known as a "controlled ditching". Since early in the search, fuel exhaustion was seen as the most likely explanation for the aircraft's power interruption, according to the ATSB's final report.

      How many planes have disappeared? ›

      Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 is the 84th plane to go mysteriously missing since 1948. A new visualization maps out this history of lost flights. The disappearance of Malaysia Flight 370 hasn't gotten much less baffling since the news broke on March 8th.

      Do pilots turn off engines during flight? ›

      Pilots do not turn an engine of at all while in a flight.

      Do plane engines stop during flight? ›

      An aircraft's engine can stop for a number of reasons but the most common one is fuel starvation. In such a case, there is no restarting so the pilot will try to find a place to land safely.

      Can a plane land if both engines fail? ›

      The aircraft doesn't have to lose altitude particularly rapidly to keep flying and therefore if both engines were to fail a high altitude, the aircraft may have as much as 20 – 30 minutes of airbourne time to find somewhere to land before it reaches the ground.

      How much fuel did MH370 have? ›

      The aircraft carried 49,100 kilograms (108,200 lb) of fuel, including reserves, allowing an endurance of 7 hours and 31 minutes.

      Did MH370 lose cabin pressure? ›

      Then the flight went on a westward path across Malaysia, rather than north to its final destination of Beijing. Such a sudden deviation would have been noticed by the plane's 200-plus passengers. Langewiesche reported that Shah likely depressurized the cabin to subdue any rebellion.

      What airliner ran out of fuel? ›

      Air Canada Flight 143, commonly known as the Gimli Glider, was a Canadian scheduled domestic passenger flight between Montreal and Edmonton that ran out of fuel on Saturday, July 23, 1983, at an altitude of 41,000 feet (12,500 m), midway through the flight.

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