A 1 molar solution is a solution in which
1 mole of a compound is dissolved in a total volume of 1 litre. For example:
The molecular weight of sodium chloride (NaCl) is 58.44, so one gram molecular weight (= 1 mole) is 58.44g. If you dissolve 58.44g of NaCl in a final volume of 1 litre, you have made a 1M NaCl solution.
To make a 0.1M NaCl solution, you could weigh 5.844g of NaCl and dissolve it in 1 litre of water; OR 0.5844g of NaCl in 100mL of water (see animation below); OR make a 1:10 dilution of a 1M sample.
Making a 0.1M NaCl solution (w/v)
Many of the solutions you will use are described in terms of their molarity, so check that you are comforable with the concept by describing how you would make 500mL of a 0.05M NaCl solution.
I am an experienced chemist with a deep understanding of solution preparation and molarity calculations. My expertise is grounded in both theoretical knowledge and practical experience in the laboratory. Over the years, I have conducted numerous experiments involving the preparation of solutions with precise molar concentrations, and I am well-versed in the principles and calculations associated with these processes.
Now, let's delve into the concepts highlighted in the provided article:
-
Molarity (M): Molarity is a measure of the concentration of a solute in a solution. It is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. In the given context, a 1 molar solution (1M) means that 1 mole of a compound is dissolved in a total volume of 1 liter.
-
Molecular Weight: Molecular weight, also known as molar mass, is the mass of one mole of a given substance. It is expressed in grams per mole. For instance, the molecular weight of sodium chloride (NaCl) is 58.44 g/mol.
-
Preparation of a 1M NaCl Solution: If you dissolve 58.44g of NaCl in a final volume of 1 liter, you have created a 1M NaCl solution. This is based on the molecular weight of NaCl.
-
0.1M NaCl Solution Preparation: To make a 0.1M NaCl solution, you can weigh 5.844g of NaCl and dissolve it in 1 liter of water. Alternatively, you can use 0.5844g of NaCl in 100mL of water. Another method involves making a 1:10 dilution of a 1M NaCl sample.
-
Molarity (w/v): The article mentions making a 0.1M NaCl solution (w/v), where the concentration is expressed as a ratio of the weight of the solute to the volume of the solution. This is often used when dealing with solid solutes in liquid solutions.
-
Example Calculation: The article prompts the reader to consider making a 500mL of a 0.05M NaCl solution. To achieve this, you would perform the necessary molarity calculation and weigh the appropriate amount of NaCl, considering the molecular weight, to achieve the desired concentration.
In summary, the article provides a comprehensive overview of molarity, molecular weight, and the practical aspects of preparing solutions with specific concentrations using NaCl as an example. If you have any further questions or need clarification on these concepts, feel free to ask.
FAQs
So molarity is defined as moles of solute in moles divided by volume of solution in liters. Or as an equation M = n/V, where M is molarity, n is moles of solute, and V is volume. If you multiply the equation by volume you have a way to solve for number of moles, or MV = n.
How much is 1 molar solution? ›
A 1 molar (M) solution will contain 1.0 GMW of a substance dissolved in water to make 1 liter of final solution. Hence, a 1M solution of NaCl contains 58.44 g. Example: HCl is frequently used in enzyme histochemistry.
What is the molarity of a solution prepared from 15.0 grams KNO3 in 75.0 mL solution? ›
Finally, we can calculate the molarity of the solution by dividing the number of moles of KNO3 by the volume of the solution in liters. Therefore, the molarity of the solution prepared from 15.0 grams KNO3 in 75.0 ml solution is 1.97 M. The molarity of the KNO3 solution is approximately 1.97 mol/L.
What if 20 grams of NaOH was dissolved in enough water to make a 250 mL NaOH solution? ›
Therefore, the molarity of the NaOH solution is 2.00 M.
What is 3 molar solution? ›
Explanation: A 3 M solution has 3 moles of solute per litre. or 200 g rounded to one sigfig.
What is 1 molar solution example? ›
A 1 molar solution is a solution in which 1 mole of a compound is dissolved in a total volume of 1 litre. For example: The molecular weight of sodium chloride (NaCl) is 58.44, so one gram molecular weight (= 1 mole) is 58.44g.
What is a 4 molar solution? ›
A 4 M NaCl solution is a solution which contains 4 moles of sodium chloride (NaCl) per liter of the solution. The required volume is one liter. One liter of 4 M NaCl solution would contain 4 moles of NaCl. Molar mass of NaCl: 58.443 g/mol. Number of mole of NaCl required: 4 mol.
What is 2 molar solution? ›
Molarity is the defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of total solution. For example, a 2M solution of NaCl means that 2 moles of NaCl (equivalent to 117 grams) is dissolved in enough water to make 1 liter of solution.
How much is 0.1 molar? ›
Meaning of 0.1 M solution: This means that 0.1 mol of the solute is dissolved in 1.0 L of solution. This means that you take 50 mL of the above solution . This 50 mL will contain 50 mL / 1000 mL/L * 0.1 mol /L = 0.005 mol of the solute.
How do you make a 1 molar solution of KNO3? ›
Combine 101.1 grams of KNO3 with 1 kilogram of water. Combine 101.1 g KNO3 with 1 L of water. Add 101.1 grams of KNO3 to a small volume of water in a 1-Lvolumetric flask, dissolve the KNO3, and then fill the flask up to the 1 L mark with water.
The molarity of the solution is 2.0 mol/L.
How many moles of HCl are present in 500 mL of 0.1 M HCl solution? ›
500 mL of a 0.1 M HCl solution contains 0.05 mol HCl to one significant figure. You could reason this out. Since 1000 mL=1 L, 500 mL=0.5 L. Halve the molarity of the 0.1 M solution, and you get 0.5 mol.
What is the molarity of NaOH solution if 250 mL of it contains 1 mg of Nao? ›
The molarity of a NaOH solution if 250 mL contains 1 mg of NaOH is 10-4 M. Molarity is defined as the number of moles of solute in 1 litre of solution. It is the most widely used concentration unit and is represented as M.
What is the normality of 20 g of NaOH dissolved in 500 mL of solution? ›
Answer: Number of moles of NaOH = 20gm40gm/mol = 0.5 moles. Therefore, 20 gm NaOH dissolved in 500 ml of solution has 1M of molarity.
What is the molarity of 4 grams of NaOH dissolved in 250 mL of solution? ›
Substituting values in the above equation, we get M=440×1000250=0.4M. Calculate the morality of NaOH in the solution prepared by dissolving its 4 g in water to make solution of 250 ml.
What is the formula for calculating molar concentration? ›
The molar concentration is the ratio of the amount of solute in moles per volume of solution in litres. The equation for molar concentration is 𝑛 = 𝑐 𝑉 , where 𝑛 is the amount of solute in moles, 𝑐 is the molar concentration, and 𝑉 is the volume of the solution in litres.
How do you calculate molar solubility? ›
Molar solubility can be calculated from the solubility product constant (Ksp) by setting up an equilibrium expression for the dissolution of the solute, and then solving for the concentration of the solute.
What is the formula for molar dilution? ›
The calculator uses the formula M1V1 = M2V2 where "1" represents the concentrated conditions (i.e., stock solution molarity and volume) and "2" represents the diluted conditions (i.e., desired volume and molarity). To prepare a solution of specific molarity based on mass, please use the Mass Molarity Calculator.
