Understanding Hard Inquiries on Your Credit Report | Equifax (2024)

FAQs

Should I be worried about a hard inquiry on my credit report? ›

While a hard inquiry will stay on your credit report for two years, it will usually only impact your credit for up to a year, and usually by less than five points. Too many hard inquiries in a short time could make it look like you're seeking loans and credit cards that you may not be able to pay back.

The easiest way is to file a dispute directly with the creditor. If the creditor cooperates, the inquiry may be removed after sending a single dispute letter.

Since hard inquiries affect your credit score and what is found may even affect approval, you might be wondering: How many inquiries is too many? The answer differs from lender to lender, but most consider six total inquiries on a report at one time to be too many to gain approval for an additional credit card or loan.

How do hard inquiries impact your credit score? A hard credit inquiry could lower your credit score by as much as 10 points, though in many cases, the damage probably won't be that significant. As FICO explains, “For most people, one additional credit inquiry will take less than five points off their FICO Scores.”

Often no points are subtracted. However, multiple hard inquiries can deplete your score by as much as 10 points each time they happen. People with six or more recent hard inquiries are eight times as likely to file for bankruptcy than those with none.

If you're shopping for a new auto or mortgage loan or a new utility provider, the multiple inquiries are generally counted as one inquiry for a given period of time. The period of time may vary depending on the credit scoring model used, but it's typically from 14 to 45 days.

Every point may count when you're applying for a new credit card or loan. Unfortunately, you generally can't remove accurate records from your credit reports, including hard inquiries from previous credit applications — even if the application was denied. But don't stress too much.

If you spot a hard inquiry on your credit report, don't sweat it too much. It's there because your credit was pulled by an issuer or lender when you applied for a credit card or loan. And if your credit score does get dinged from it, it's OK. It can bounce back in a few months if you use your card responsibly.

Are six credit cards too many? ›

There is no right number of credit cards — it depends on how many you can manage. Having multiple credit cards helps reduce your utilization rate and provides lenders with more information to better gauge your creditworthiness.

One or two hard inquiries accrued during the normal course of applying for loans or credit cards can have an almost negligible effect on your credit. Lots of recent hard inquiries on your credit report, however, could elevate the level of risk you pose as a borrower and have a more noticeable impact on credit scores.

If you applied for a credit card or are shopping around for a loan, a hard inquiry can appear on your credit report, which temporarily lower a score. Hard inquiries happen when a lender or company reviews your report with the intent to make a lending decision.

Using more of your credit card balance than usual — even if you pay on time — can reduce your score until a new, lower balance is reported the following month. Closed accounts and lower credit limits can also result in lower scores even if your payment behavior has not changed.

In most cases, hard inquiries have very little if any impact on your credit scores—and they have no effect after one year from the date the inquiry was made. So when a hard inquiry is removed from your credit reports, your scores may not improve much—or see any movement at all.

In general, adding one or two hard inquiries to your credit reports could lower your scores by a few points, but it's unlikely to have a significant impact. Having a lot of hard inquiries within a short time frame though will likely have a greater impact on your scores.

Each hard inquiry can cause your credit score to drop by a few points. There's no such thing as “too many” hard inquiries, but multiple credit inquiries within a short window of time can suggest that you might be a risky borrower.

If you find an unauthorized or inaccurate hard inquiry, you can file a dispute letter and request that the bureau remove it from your report. The consumer credit bureaus must investigate dispute requests unless they determine your dispute is frivolous. Still, not all disputes are accepted after investigation.

If you notice hard pulls on your credit that you did not consent to, you can demand the creditor remove the inquiry. If they do not do this, you can sue under the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA).