When Is Puberty too Early? (2024)

Parents may wonder whether their child is moving into puberty too early. Many factors can cause your child’s body to mature faster than others, but Dr. Robert Benjamin, MD, a Duke pediatric endocrinologist, says most of these are beyond your control. Girls are more likely to experience early puberty than boys, for example, and African-American and Hispanic children often mature earlier than white children.

Understanding the signs of early puberty will help you to know when to seek help. Here, Dr. Benjamin explains what you need to know.

What Is Puberty?

Breast development is typically the first sign of puberty in girls; for boys it’s testicular enlargement. Other common changes for boys and girls include growth spurts, increased body odor, pubic and underarm hair, and acne. Boys may experience growth of their penis, small amounts of facial hair, and a deepening of their voice.

“We all recognize puberty as a major change, and one that we as parents experienced,” Dr. Benjamin said, “but when and how your child’s body matures toward adulthood can be different than it was for us.”

When is Puberty?

According to the National Institutes of Health, puberty usually begins in girls between 8 and 13 years of age, and in boys between 9 and 14 years of age. Puberty is considered to be early inboys before age 8 and girls before 9 years old.This is sometimes called “precocious puberty.”

When Should You Contact Your Child’s Doctor About Precocious Puberty

“Most instances of early puberty don’t present a health risk to children, but it’s worth contacting your pediatrician in case your family doctor feels it’s important to run any tests,” Dr. Benjamin said. “It’s rare, but there are cases where early puberty can be a sign of something that needs treatment.”

Early Puberty Concerns in Girls

Some causes of early puberty in girls include thyroid disorders, abnormal brain structure, exposure to radiation therapy, or ovarian cysts. Genetic conditions may result in early puberty and can be detected with testing. In 90% of cases in girls, however, there is no known cause.

Early Puberty Concerns in Boys

Early puberty in boys is more likely to be caused by an underlying disease. Causes of early puberty in boys are similar to girls, and include thyroid disorders, abnormal brain structure, exposure to radiation therapy, and certain genetic conditions. It may also be caused by tumors of the brain, testis, liver, and/or adrenal glands.

Addressing Physical and Mental Changes of Early Puberty

Your child may have a noticeable growth spurt because of their early puberty, but one of its complications is an abrupt and early end of that growth, leading to short stature as an adult.

“If this is a concern, please see your doctor,” Benjamin said.

While your child’s physical changes may be a concern, it’s also important to consider their psychological needs. Children with early puberty are more at risk for low self-esteem, depression, and substance abuse. Your son or daughter may require counseling to help address the changes in their body and the effects of any treatments they receive. Your doctor will help you access counseling services.

Testing for Early Puberty

Your doctor will perform a physical exam to assess how your child’s body is maturing. Blood tests may also uncover hormonal changes. Your doctor may schedule an X-ray of your child’s hand and wrist to evaluate growth and bone maturity. Additional tests may include an ultrasound for girls to check for ovarian cysts, or a brain MRI for boys and girls to look for abnormalities.

Treatments for Early Puberty

In some cases, medication may be prescribed to stop or slow puberty. Medication to regulate hormone production may be administered through injections or through an implant under your child’s skin that releases medicine over time. Surgery is rarely needed to treat early puberty, unless it the cause is a tumor.

Can I Prevent Early Puberty?

“Most of the time puberty starts because of genetic factors and can’t be altered by what we do as parents,” Benjamin said. “You can take some steps to minimize environmental causes of early puberty,” such as helping your child maintain a healthy weight and avoiding exposure to testosterone or estrogen that could be found in over-the-counter creams/gels, hair treatments, medications, and nutritional supplements.

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Puberty Disorders

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When Is Puberty too Early? (2024)

FAQs

When Is Puberty too Early? ›

But it's perfectly normal for puberty to begin at any point between the ages of 8 and 13 in girls and 9 and 14 in boys. There's not usually any need to worry if puberty does not start around the average age, but it's a good idea to speak to your GP for advice if it starts before 8 or has not started by around 14.

What is the earliest age to hit puberty? ›

Male puberty usually begins at about age 12. Female puberty is at about age 10. Sometimes, though, puberty can start earlier and before signs show. When male puberty starts before age 9 and female puberty before age 8, it is called precocious (pre KOH shuss) or early puberty.

What are the risks of early puberty? ›

Girls and, possibly, boys who exhibit premature adrenarche are at a higher risk for developing features of metabolic syndrome, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease later in adulthood. Altered timing of puberty also has implications for behavioral disorders.

Is it normal for a 9 year old to have pubic hair? ›

Hormonal basis

It is normal for production of these hormones to increase (something we call adrenarche) and for pubic hair to appear after age 8 in girls or 9 in boys. The reason why this increase occurs earlier in some children is not known.

What happens if a boy hits puberty early? ›

Because their skeletons mature and bone growth stops at an earlier age than normal, kids with precocious puberty that's not treated usually don't reach their full adult height potential. Their early growth spurt may make them initially tall when compared with their peers.

Is it normal for a 4 year old to have pubic hair? ›

Premature pubarche, or the development of pubic hair before the age of 8 in girls or 9 in boys, is most commonly caused by premature adrenarche. Adrenarche is the maturation of the adrenal zona reticularis in both boys and girls, resulting in the development of pubic hair, axillary hair, and adult apocrine body odor.

Why are kids hitting puberty earlier? ›

It's unclear why it's happening more, although possible causes include diet, obesity, genetics, socioeconomic status and potential exposure to certain chemicals. Kids entering puberty earlier than the average can be mistakenly treated as older and inappropriately sexualized by society.

Is starting puberty at 13 bad? ›

There's not usually any need to worry if puberty does not start around the average age, but it's a good idea to speak to your GP for advice if it starts before 8 or has not started by around 14. In some cases, early puberty or delayed puberty could be a sign of an underlying condition that may need to be treated.

Does early puberty affect lifespan? ›

The link between early puberty and shorter life expectancy may be partly explained by its negative impact on cardio-metabolic health and diseases such as Type 2 Diabetes. If so, then finding ways to prevent early puberty could help improve health in later life.”

Does early puberty affect fertility? ›

Girls who begin puberty early commonly experience problems with regular menstruation; early puberty also could cause infertility for both genders. The study has identified kisspeptin, a hormone made in the brain's hypothalamus, as the master controller of the onset of puberty.

How to avoid puberty early? ›

You can't prevent most early puberty cases. Limiting your child's exposure to reproductive hormones from outside sources may prevent it. These sources may include estrogen or testosterone creams, lotions or other medications.

What happens if precocious puberty is left untreated? ›

Untreated precocious puberty usually leads to short stature and can also cause significant emotional and behavioral issues.

Should I shave my 8 year olds underarms? ›

First thing's first: There's no age when girls should start shaving. In fact, girls don't have to shave at all if they don't want to.

Do boys who hit puberty early stop growing early? ›

Children with precocious puberty might grow quickly at first and be taller than others their ages. But their bones mature too soon. So these children often stop growing earlier than usual. This can cause them to be shorter than average as adults.

What grade do most boys hit puberty? ›

Boys begin puberty sometime between the ages of 9 and 14. Boys hit puberty about two years later than girls. However, Black and Hispanic boys tend to enter puberty a bit earlier than white boys. If your son starts showing signs of puberty before age 9, it's worth asking his pediatrician about these early changes.

When do boys start liking girls? ›

First crushes may occur at any time, but generally start at around 10-13 years of age. They are an important step in developing normal and healthy romantic relationships, and provide opportunities to learn how to compromise and communicate.

Can you hit puberty before 13? ›

Most females will start puberty when they're 8 to 13 years old, and most males will start between 9 and 14. But it can also be normal to start earlier or later. Hormones from the brain trigger the start of puberty.

What was the average age of puberty 1000 years ago? ›

The average age at which children entered puberty was the same as for most boys and girls today: between ten to 12 years. But medieval teenagers took longer to reach the later milestones, including menarche.

Can I hit puberty in my 20s? ›

Right off the bat: Dr. Dweck says there's no such thing as a second puberty—we're only going to suffer through that once, thank god. But your body is going to naturally change as you get older, and a number of things can mess with your hormones in your 20s and 30s, which might cause puberty-esque symptoms.

Can you hit puberty at 30? ›

Second puberty isn't a real medical term. People use it to describe how your body changes during your 20s, 30s, and 40s. The term can be misleading, as these changes are different from puberty during adolescence. Many age-related changes are due to declining hormone levels over time.

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